Which three streams are identified in the multiple streams theory of policy-making?

The identification of the three streams in the multiple streams theory of policy-making supports a robust framework for understanding how policies emerge and gain traction in a complex political landscape. The correct answer encompasses the streams of politics, problems, and proposed solutions.

In this theory, the "problems" stream refers to issues that require governmental attention, where the recognition of a problem is essential for it to be addressed. The "politics" stream includes the political dynamics at play, such as public opinion, the political climate, and the power of various stakeholders. Lastly, the "proposed solutions" stream consists of the potential policy alternatives or proposals that could address the identified problems.

The interaction and convergence of these three streams create the conditions necessary for significant policy change. When a policy window opens—typically when a problem is recognized, political will aligns, and viable solutions are available—opportunities arise for advocates to push for new policies effectively. This integrated view helps to elucidate how multiple actors and factors converge to influence policy outcomes, highlighting the complexity of the decision-making process in governmental settings.